Room+16A



Have you ever wondered why the **Grand Canyon** is one of the Great Wonders of the World?

Some people think it’s just a big hole in the middle of the desert. But it’s actually much more than that. The Grand Canyon is actually very amazing.


 * || Top of Grand Canyon ||
 * || Top of Grand Canyon ||

** Grand Canyon Hike: **

On this trip, we had the opportunity to hike into the canyon. Our tour guide, Erick, was the guide who took us into the canyon. Now here are some facts we took on the hike:

Erick (are instructor) taught us a cool way to remember some of elements that made the **Grand Canyon**. It’s called **Dude**:

** D ** eposition

** U ** plift

** D ** owncutting

** E ** rosion

These are the elements that formed the great **Grand Canyon**. Deposition is a type of oceanic rock that was uplifted when the canyon was formed (more information about it later) and uplift is when to fault lines push together and make a big hill like mountains. Downcutting is when a river is cutting or eroding through the ground and cuts downward. Erosion is when water or wind acts like a saw and cuts through the rock or ground and cuts down. All these elements work together to make the **GRAND CANYON!**


 * || On the hike ||
 * || On the hike ||

The **Grand Canyon** was discovered by a one armed civil war veteran named, John Powel. He was a scientist who wanted to discover a blank spot on the map which was the **Grand Canyon**. He took five hard working men out on to the great rapids of the **Grand Canyon**; his fallowed the river by starting at the middle of green river. When he first got into the canyon, he was amazed by the view. At one point near the end of the canyon, two guys were telling him that the last rapids were to big so those two guys went on foot and left. John Powell called those rapids, **Separation Rapids.** After they got through the rapids they heard no crashing water, then they singled the two guys that left to come back and they decide not to come back. After John Powell and the remaining three men got to the Mormon settlement, they asked about the two men and they heard a bunch of stories saying they were killed by Indians or they died from hunger or thirst. All that Powell knew is they diapered and were never to be seen again.

Here are some more notes on the canyon:

· The canyon is 2.5 million y\o

· Its hotter in the canyon

· There’s so many layers of sandstone and limestone

· Cooler on the rim

· Longest width on rim: 18 mi

** Glen Canyon River Ride: ** ** ﻿ **

The Glen Canyon River was so cool. We had the opportunity to go down the Colorado River; we also saw a Dam, Indian writing on canyon walls. We also had lots and lots of fun. When we were going down the river the walls keep getting higher, No one knows how that part was made. Here are some facts about the river trip:

 · The Glen Canyon Dam Almost Broke in 1983

 · The dam over flowed in 1983

 · Glen Canyon, 2.5 Billon Years old

 · Some parts of river flow is 85 ft. deep

 · The Glen Canyon Dam has enough concrete to pave a four lane road from Phoenix to Chicago

 · Flag Staff Police Force looks in the deepest part of the river(85 Ft.) frequently for dead people by scuba diving

** History: **

Over the Years the Glen Canyon River has moved up and down a lot which created a lot of erosion. Glen Canyon long ago use to have water dinosaurs and the water used to be 30 Ft. away from the rim.

** Wupatki Native American Ruins: **

The Wupatki Ruins were amazing. There was a four story house with rooms that sometimes had dead bodies buried in them.

· There was a circular gathering that is still standing. The acoustics were so good, somebody could whisper something and the person all the way on the other side could hear it.

· There was also a ball court where they would play a game similar to football, but without pads, and they used a round ball.

· There was also something called a blowhole. When the pressure inside the hole was more than the pressure in the air, it would blow air out. If the pressure inside the hole was less than the pressure in the air, it would suck.

** History: **

The Native Americans from Wupatki were descendants of the Sinagua, Cohonina, and Kayenta Anasazi. Many other Native Americans visited and shared cultures with them. Now, there is one direct descendant left (that we know of) from these Native Americans. She is living on the reservation herding sheep.



** Sunset Crater: **

<span style="display: block; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 14pt; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Sunset Crater was a volcano that erupted around 1150 a. d. It was closed in 1930 for research.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · In 1920, Hollywood wanted to detonate several parts of the volcano to simulate an avalanche for a film called “Avalanche”.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · It was a cinder cone volcano.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Just southwest of it is San Francisco Peaks. They are inactive strato-volcanoes.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · It is inactive.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · There is an ice cave on the side where Native Americans went for a ceremony.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** History: **

<span style="display: block; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 14pt; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Before the volcano erupted, the ground would shake a lot and the Indians living there knew what was happening and left before it erupted. The Indians living there would have rituals at the opening to the ice cave and they still do today.